Design and performance analysis of a PID controller by using Differential Evolutionary Algorithm for an Autonomous Power System

In this paper we present the design and performance analysis of a Proportional Integral Derivate (PID) controller for the Autonomous Power system model using Differential Evolutionary Algorithm (DEA) for optimization of different parameter that can be tuned to improve the performance of the system studied. Differential evolutionary algorithm is a branch of evolutionary algorithm which is quiet capable of handling non-differentiable, non-linear and multi-modal objective function which indeed makes tuning of controller behavioral parameters easier. The optimization problem is formulated by considering the design problem of the proposed PID controller and DEA algorithm has been employed for the search of optimal controller parameters. A new objective function has been proposed in this paper for yet some improvement in the response for the tuned parameters generated. The model used to study here simulates the effect of change in terminal voltage on the main supply system and a diesel generator which act as a distributed generation and responds to the change in power demand. The study of this paper is based on deviation of terminal voltage for any input perturbation. The major objective of the paper is to tune the controller behavioral parameters such that the fluctuation of the terminal voltage can be controlled. It has been revealed by the analysis results that the proposed DEA based tuning of PID controller for the Autonomous Power system performs better than the algorithm used for the comparison which too is a population based optimization algorithm. SOA (Seeker Optimization Algorithm) is used for comparison.